{"id":3991,"date":"2020-09-14T22:12:00","date_gmt":"2020-09-14T20:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/autismhope.md\/?p=3991"},"modified":"2021-09-15T09:09:40","modified_gmt":"2021-09-15T07:09:40","slug":"autismul-sau-tulburarile-de-spectru-autist-tsa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/autismhope.md\/ru\/2020\/09\/14\/autismul-sau-tulburarile-de-spectru-autist-tsa\/","title":{"rendered":"Autismul sau tulburarile de spectru autist (TSA)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"3991\" class=\"elementor elementor-3991\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4c44a3a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4c44a3a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c9b6be9\" data-id=\"c9b6be9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23af334 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"23af334\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 20-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-last\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><p><strong>Autismul este tulburarea central\u0103 din cadrul unui \u00eentreg spectru de tulbur\u0103ri neuro-psihice \u0219i de dezvoltare, cunoscut sub numele de spectrul tulbur\u0103rilor autismului\/autiste sau de tulbur\u0103ri pervazive de dezvoltare.<\/strong> Termenul \u201dspectru\u201d reflect\u0103 gama dificult\u0103\u021bilor \u0219i particularit\u0103\u021bilor tulbur\u0103rilor de tip autist: dificult\u0103\u021bi de dezvoltare a abilit\u0103tilor sociale, a limbajului receptiv \u0219i expresiv, comportamente repetitive, stereotipii care se manifest\u0103 diferit de la un copil la altul.<\/p><p>\u0218tim acum c\u0103 autismul nu are doar o singur\u0103 form\u0103 de manifestare, ci mai multe, cauzate de combina\u021bii diferite \u00eentre factorii genetici \u0219i cei externi, de mediu. <strong>Cauzele specifice ram\u00e2n \u00eenc\u0103 \u00a0necunoscute.<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>Simptomele autismului<\/strong> pot fi identificate timpuriu, uneori chiar de la v\u00e2rsta de 6 luni, majoritatea semnelor devenind ins\u0103 evidente dup\u0103 v\u00e2rsta de 1 an.<\/p><p>Speciali\u0219tii no\u0219tri sunt implica\u021bi activ \u00een ac\u021biuni de informare \u0219i con\u0219tientizare a importan\u021bei diagnostic\u0103rii precoce astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t copiii s\u0103 fie integra\u021bi c\u00e2t mai devreme \u00een procesul de terapie.<strong> \u0218ansele recuper\u0103rii cresc semnificativ atunci c\u00e2nd terapia \u00eencepe de la cea mai fraged\u0103 v\u00e2rsta.<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><h4><strong>Posibile semne ale autismului la copiii mici, cu v\u00e2rst\u0103 cuprins\u0103 \u00eentre 6 \u2013 24 de luni:<\/strong><\/h4><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div><ul class=\"fusion-checklist fusion-checklist-1\"><li class=\"fusion-li-item\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><strong>\u00a0 6 luni<\/strong> \u2013 lipsa z\u00e2mbetului social sau a expresiilor de bucurie, direc\u021bionate c\u0103tre adul\u021bi.<\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><strong>\u00a0 6 luni<\/strong> \u2013 contact vizual limitat sau absent.<\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><strong>\u00a0 9 luni<\/strong> \u2013 absen\u021ba manifest\u0103rilor vocale, a z\u00e2mbetelor sau altor comportamente non-verbale, direc\u021bionate c\u0103tre p\u0103rinte.<\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><strong>\u00a0 12 luni<\/strong> \u2013 prezenta ecolaliei, respectiv repetarea insistenta a silabelor \u201ela-la\u201d ca sterotipie verbal\u0103.<\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><strong>\u00a0 12 luni<\/strong> \u2013 copilul nu r\u0103spunde la nume c\u00e2nd este strigat, nu se uit\u0103 in direc\u021bia respectiv\u0103.<\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><strong>\u00a0 16 luni<\/strong> \u2013 absen\u021ba cuvintelor.<\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><strong>\u00a0 24 luni<\/strong> \u2013 nu folose\u0219te cuvinte cu semnifica\u021bie, absen\u021ba propozi\u021biilor sau asocierilor din dou\u0103 cuvinte, cu sens (ex. mama \u2013 bobo).<br \/><br \/><br \/><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><h4 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" data-fontsize=\"18\" data-lineheight=\"27px\"><strong>Posibile semne ale autismului la orice v\u00e2rst\u0103:<\/strong><\/h4><\/div><ul class=\"fusion-checklist fusion-checklist-2\"><li class=\"fusion-li-item\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\u00a0 Copilul <strong>evit\u0103 contactul vizual \u0219i interac\u021biunea social\u0103<\/strong> (pare c\u0103 nu aude, c\u0103 nu este atent, c\u0103 nu vrea s\u0103 r\u0103spund\u0103 sau c\u0103 nu \u00een\u021belege cerin\u021bele p\u0103rin\u021bilor \u0219i prefer\u0103 s\u0103 fie singur).<\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><strong>\u00a0 Are preocup\u0103ri repetitive, limitate<\/strong>: este mai degrab\u0103 interesat de sertare, ro\u021bile ma\u0219inu\u021belor sau de a alinia obiecte, dec\u00e2t s\u0103 se joace cu juc\u0103riile \u00een mod func\u021bional \u0219i diversificat.<\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\u00a0 Pot exista <strong>reac\u021bii intense<\/strong> la anumite sunete, texturi, gusturi, mirosuri, lumini<\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\u00a0 Pot ap\u0103rea <strong>manifest\u0103ri motorii repetitive<\/strong>, precum fluturatul m\u00e2inilor, mersul pe v\u00e2rfuri.<\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><strong>\u00a0 Copilul nu vorbe\u0219te sau are o \u00eent\u00e2rziere mare \u00een dezvoltarea limbajului \u0219i comunic\u0103rii<\/strong>: nu arat\u0103 cu degetul spre obiecte; atunci c\u00e2nd vrea ceva \u00eel conduce pe p\u0103rinte de m\u00e2n\u0103, far\u0103 a comunica verbal; roste\u0219te doar c\u00e2teva cuvinte \u0219i nu \u00eentotdeauna cu sens; are dificult\u0103\u021bi \u00een a imita verbal ceea ce aude \u00een jur sau la solicitarea adultului.<\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\u00a0 Atunci c\u00e2nd exist\u0103 abilit\u0103\u021bi ale limbajului verbal, <strong>poate ap\u0103rea ecolalia<\/strong>: copilul repet\u0103 cuvinte sau propozi\u021bii din desene animate, reclame, etc.<\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\u00a0 Exist\u0103 momente numeroase marcate de <strong>tantrum \u0219i protest.<\/strong> Copilul pl\u00e2nge atunci c\u00e2nd i se cere s\u0103 realizeze o sarcin\u0103 simpl\u0103 sau se sup\u0103r\u0103 la modific\u0103rile care apar \u00een rutina unei zile sau \u00een mediul in care se dezvolt\u0103.<\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-check\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\u00a0 Exist\u0103 <strong>dificult\u0103\u021bi \u00een \u00eentelegerea emo\u021biilor <\/strong>celor din jur<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\">\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-first\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\"><h4 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" data-fontsize=\"34\" data-lineheight=\"47.939998626708984px\"><strong>Copilul dumneavoast\u0103 prezint\u0103 unele semne din cele enumerate? S<\/strong>olicita\u021bi o evaluare psiho-comportamental\u0103 unui specialist<\/h4><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Autismul este tulburarea central\u0103 din cadrul unui \u00eentreg spectru de tulbur\u0103ri neuro-psihice \u0219i de dezvoltare, cunoscut sub numele de spectrul tulbur\u0103rilor autismului\/autiste sau de tulbur\u0103ri pervazive de dezvoltare. Termenul \u201dspectru\u201d reflect\u0103 gama dificult\u0103\u021bilor \u0219i particularit\u0103\u021bilor tulbur\u0103rilor de tip autist: dificult\u0103\u021bi de dezvoltare a abilit\u0103tilor sociale, a limbajului receptiv \u0219i expresiv, comportamente repetitive, stereotipii care se [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3801,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[113],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3991","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-despre-autism"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/autismhope.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3991","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/autismhope.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/autismhope.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/autismhope.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/autismhope.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3991"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/autismhope.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3991\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4118,"href":"https:\/\/autismhope.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3991\/revisions\/4118"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/autismhope.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3801"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/autismhope.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3991"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/autismhope.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3991"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/autismhope.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3991"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}